The $265 billion private credit meltdown: How Wall Street’s hottest investment craze turned into a panic

It was a glorious time to make money. From early summer 2023 to the close of January 2025, private equity stocks staged what may rank as the single biggest surge, over a tight time frame, in the annals of financial services. In that eighteen month span, Blackstone notched total returns 58.2%, Ares, Apollo, and Blue Owl achieved 68.1%, 77.9%, and 80.6% respectively, and KKR led the charge at 103.4%. Then the cyclone came. Starting in September of last year, an historic selloff that from their peaks sent down Apollo 41%, Blackstone 46%, and Ares and KKR 48% each, while Blue Owl dropped by two thirds. The wipeout has erased over $265 billion in market cap; Blackstone and Blue Owl are now trading far below their levels of late 2021, and the sudden drop left KKR, Apollo and Ares showing puny, market-trailing gains over that near half-decade.

To be sure, the PE business has suffered from overpaying for its buyout picks in the period of ultra-low interest rates, a problem that’s forcing them to hold their portfolio companies for extended periods, and curtailed profits when they’re sold. But until recently, it was the tremendous growth in private debt that far more than offset the slump in their traditional franchise, and accounted for the wondrous performance of their stocks. Now, panic is roiling the funds holding loans to software ...